• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure and device for the additive manufacturing of an object, which combines the optical recognition of the properties of the object (dimensions, shape, structure and three-dimensional texture and orientation in the means of transport), that is, its geometry (g), with the digital deposition of materials on any of the surfaces of said object, according to a design or pattern, so that determined the properties of the object, a portion of the digital design is adapted to this and the printing means of the deposition system that are programmed in function of the properties of the object and the adapted design. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2657898A1
    申请号:ES201631164
    申请日:2016-09-07
    公开日:2018-03-07
    发明作者:Antonio Manuel Querol Villalba；Jose Vicente TOMÁS CLARAMONTE
    申请人:Kerajet SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION



    Procedure and device for additive manufacturing of an object 5


    SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE:

    The present invention refers to a method and device comprising an artificial vision system and a digital deposition system, in which after the inspection of the surface, structured or substantially flat, of an object at a previous stage, it subsequently deposits materials on the surface of said object, according to a portion of a design or pattern defined and adapted to said surface, without the need for a previous pattern of the shape and texture of said object. fifteen

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

    Currently, traditional deposition techniques are used in the industry that require the use of intermediate tools and direct contact with the substrate. 20 These traditional techniques are useful for large volumes, but are very expensive in short series and product customization.

    InkJet Technology is popularly known for desktop printers, and is based on the formation of an image from the controlled deposition of drops, which are joined and form the image on paper.

    The main advantage, which this technology brings to the industry, is that it does not require intermediate tools, or contact between the substrate and the printhead, can print on a multitude of materials such as plastic, glass, metal or 30 ceramic products. This allows it to offer competitive advantages over traditional techniques, especially in product customization and the realization of short series at high speed, and thus it is possible to decorate ceramic pieces directly and without any contact. the total printing of reliefs and edges that makes the designs acquire naturalness, obtaining results of very high quality and reliability in small and large formats These high printing speeds are possible thanks to advances in electronics and in the manufacture of industrial heads.

    The heart of this technology is the print head, which consists of several hundreds of nozzles that, when applied with a high voltage pulse, eject the ink contained in each of them selectively. This head rests on three fundamental pillars that are: mechanics, fluidics and electronics.

    The mechanics are responsible for moving the substrate, on which you want to print, 45 under the head. The fluidics is responsible for the ink circuit and the correct injection of it. Finally, electronics is responsible for controlling all information. Before printing, the electronics receive the image to be printed and store it in memory. During printing you receive information about the position of the substrate and the head. The control electronics send two signals to the printhead during printing. One is the information of the image stored in memory and the other is the trigger pulses that cause the injection of drops. In this way the control of each drop is achieved.

      55
    On the other hand, artificial vision is a branch of artificial intelligence that aims to mathematically model the processes of visual perception in living beings and generate programs that simulate these visual capabilities by computer. Artificial vision allows the automatic detection of the structure and properties of a possible dynamic world in 3 dimensions from one or several 5-dimensional images of the world. The images can be monochromatic or color; They can be captured by one or several cameras, and each camera can be stationary or mobile. The structure and properties of the three-dimensional world that are intended to be deduced in artificial vision include not only geometric properties (sizes, shapes, location of objects, etc.), but also properties of material 10 (its colors, textures, composition, etc. .) and the brightness or darkness of the surfaces.

    Visual information is a two-dimensional projection of three-dimensional objects and, therefore, the image captured by the human eye or a digital camera has infinite 15 possible interpretations. Perception is a process that is distributed throughout space and time.

    A modern artificial vision system consists of:
     twenty
    A lighting system

    It is an aspect of vital importance as it must provide uniform and independent lighting conditions, also facilitating, if possible, the extraction of the features of interest for a given application.

    Variations in lighting are perceived by the system as variations in objects. It is necessary to achieve a stable illumination that highlights (increase the contrast) of the elements to be detected and avoids shadows and 30 reflections. Trying to solve high precision tasks through a low quality image is a problem that is usually attempted to compensate with complex algorithms that slow down the system and do not end up completely solving the basic problem.
     35
    Good lighting is especially important for taking pictures of products in a fast production line, although some applications may use ambient light.

    Since the image is formed from the light reflected by the objects, the only possibility of obtaining an image with constant characteristics in which the aspects of interest are highlighted and the inconsequential ones are attenuated allowing or facilitating the resolution of the problem is controlling lighting conditions.
     Four. Five
    For this, the system is used, which is formed by the light source according to a certain lighting scheme, which together provides certain lighting conditions.
    Keep in mind that the lighting problem is not trivial and its cost is an important part of the total project. fifty

    The camera lens

    Your correct choice must take into account the necessary working distance and field of vision. The use of optical filters that highlight the elements to be analyzed will guarantee the success of the task. The correct selection of lenses is important to achieve an optimal solution.

    One or more cameras to acquire the images.

    Set responsible for collecting the characteristics of the object under study and 10 providing the data for processing, by means of a digital image. The type of sensor, its size and resolution must be chosen according to the elements that you want to see. Cameras may be analog, but the price of digital cameras is decreasing, so they are being used more often. fifteen

    Some vision systems do not use a two-dimensional camera, instead a linear camera that produces a single line or row of pixels is used. The two-dimensional image is generated as the object passes under the linear camera, taking advantage of its movement, normally generated by a conveyor belt 20. By joining the different rows of pixels obtained at different step intervals, a two-dimensional image is obtained.

    Image capture or acquisition card.
     25
    It is the interface between the sensor and the computer or process module that allows at the same time to have the information captured by the image sensor. The input image - a two-dimensional matrix of energy levels (for example, light) - is divided into image elements, known as pixels.
    These form rows and columns that span the entire area of the image and 30 represent gray levels in a monochromatic image or color coding in a color image. A pixel cannot be subdivided into regions of lower level of gray or color. This process is a type of spatial digitization. For each pixel, the energy level information must also be digitized, that is, the analog levels (continuous variable) produced by the camera must be represented by a finite number of steps. In many applications it is sufficient to digitize a monochrome image with 8 bits per pixel, which is equivalent to 256 steps, to represent the gray level of each pixel. In more demanding applications it may be necessary to digitize at 14 bits (or 16384 levels). Color images are more complex and can be represented in different formats. Color images usually contain three times more information than a monochrome image.

    Image analysis algorithms.
     Four. Five
    It is the "smart" part of the system. Its mission is to apply the necessary transformations and extractions of information from the captured images, in order to obtain the results for which it has been designed. An example of this element constitutes the SIVA (Intelligent Artificial Vision System) computer package, and the Corresponding toolbox of 50 Matlab.


    An image processor, computer or smart camera.

    It is the system that analyzes the images received by the sensor to extract the information of interest in each case by implementing and executing the algorithms designed to obtain the objectives. 5
    The processing can be performed by a computer or another option is to use smart cameras that integrate image processing within the camera itself, avoiding the need to transfer images to an external computer. The processing speed of these cameras is lower than that of a computer and there are applications where they are not suitable. 10
    With the information extracted, the result can be shown by means of a monitor, an acoustic, luminous signal, etc., so that an operator can perform the corresponding task based on the data received or also the artificial vision systems can make decisions that affect themselves. to the production system in order to improve the overall quality of production. fifteen

    Among the multitude of existing light sources, the most used are:

    High frequency fluorescent: it does not offer too much light and presents drift over time, but its economic price and its adaptability in both shape and color make them attractive.

    Halogen: it has great luminosity, but it gives off heat, its light is hot and its price is expensive. In addition, they have aging.
     25
    Xenon: it presents even greater luminosity, although the same drawbacks, and an even higher price.

    LED: it admits a multitude of configurations and they are available in a multitude of colors, they are stable, durable, they work in low voltage, although their price is high.

    LASER: Laser lighting or structured light is normally used to highlight or determine the third dimension of an object. The method used is to place the laser light source at a known angle with respect to the object to be illuminated and with respect to the camera. Seeing the distortion of light, the depth of the objects to be measured can be interpreted.

    Fiber optic: fiber optic lighting is currently the one that can provide the most intense light of all types of lighting that are used in artificial vision.

    Among the numerous lighting schemes, the following are known, among others:
     Four. Five
    Diffuse back lighting (Backlight): by diffusing lighting on the back of the object a high contrast image is obtained, where the dark silhouette of the objects is highlighted in front of the white background, and therefore is suitable for measuring the shape of the objects.
     fifty
    Diffuse directional lighting: emulating natural light but without variations, parallel rays are emitted and in a certain direction to achieve uniform illumination.

    Diffuse omni-directional lighting: The camera achieves a shadow-free and high-contrast image, because the object is illuminated from all directions with diffused light. For this, a semi-spherical reflective surface called a dome is used, which acts as a source of illumination by reflecting the light, which eliminates shadows and reflections, and increases the contrast, softening the textures and minimizing the influence of the stripes, the dust and the reliefs, as well as the curvatures that the inspected object may have. It is used in the detection of marks of different colors, characters and detection of everything that involves a change of color, both on smooth, spherical, rough or glossy surfaces. 10

    Side directional lighting (Grazing): highlights the texture of the objects or those protruding features, since when the light strikes with a very small angle it will only be reflected towards the camera when any protrusion is found. Therefore, it is useful for highlighting protrusions and indentations of the surface of the object.

    Lighting with polarized light: it can be used to eliminate brightness of bright objects, as in the case of a bag of potatoes, since the filters that are installed in the lighting and in the chamber will prevent light that does not come from the source of lighting, and therefore will present different polarization, be captured by the camera.

    Structured lighting: through the projection of points, strips or grilles of light on the work surface, a pattern is established that allows the 25 dimensional characteristics of the object to be extracted by measuring the distortion of said light pattern in the presence of an object. One of the best known systems consists of illumination with a flat laser beam, so that when placed at a known angle to the camera, the line projected and distorted by the presence of an object will have a certain displacement according to the depth at that the point is found, thus allowing to know its position in space, and finally reconstruct the 3D object through computation techniques.

    Background: background of the invention known to the applicant. 35

    The following patents have been analyzed in relation to the sector of the technique in which the present invention is framed, and among others the following publications have been analyzed, which simply describe aspects of the state of the about surface inspection, which place the present invention in context: 40

    - European Patent No. 81305663.7 for "Surface inspection scanning system and method" requested on 01.12.81 and owned by Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation.
    - British Patent No. 8900749.6 for “Glossmeter” requested dated 13.01.89 and 45 owned by Surface Inspection Limited.
    - British Patent No. 9218400.1 for “Linescan visual monitoring system” requested dated 28.08.92 and owned by Surface Inspection Limited.
    - U.S. Patent No. 836624 by “Surface inspection lighting apparatus” requested dated 10.11.95 and owned by Surface Inspection Limited. fifty
    - International Patent No. PCT / GB97 / 01772 for "Visual Inspection Apparatus" filed on 01.07.97 and owned by Surface Inspection Limited.
    - European Patent No. 97909252.5 for "Procedure and provision for automatic optical quality control of flat and smooth products" requested dated 11.09.97 and owned by Massen Machine Vision Systems GmbH. 55
    - International Patent No. PCT / US98 / 01256 for "Method and system for detecting defects in transparent objects having spatial variations in their optical density" requested dated 21.01.98 and owned by Medar, Inc.
    - European Patent No. 99309990.2 for "Machine vision system and tile inspection apparatus incorporating such a system" requested dated 10.12.99 and ownership 5 of Surface Inspection Limited.
    - European Patent No. 00660024.1 for “Arrangement and method for inspection of surface quality” requested dated 15.02.2000 and owned by Spectra-Physics VisionTech Oy and Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung. 10
    - European Patent No. 01302090.4 for “A classification space packing scheme, and an inspection apparatus using the classification method” requested on 07.03.01 and owned by Surface Inspection Limited.
    - European Patent No. 01500119.1 for “Machine for automated quality control of ceramic products by artificial vision and sound analysis” requested dated 15 14.05.01 and owned by Vicente Seguí Pascual.
    - International Patent No. PCT / GB02 / 04530 for "System and method for classifying workpieces according to tonal variations" requested dated 07.10.02 and owned by Millenium Venture Holdings LTD.
    - International Patent No. PCT / EP03 / 01182 for “Method and device for optically 20 measuring the surface shape and for the optical surface inspection of moving strips in rolling and processing installations” requested dated 06.02.03 and owned by BFI VFEH - Institut für angewandte Forschung GmbH.
    - U.S. Patent No. 10/985390 by “Method of and apparatus for generating a representation of an object” requested on 11.11.04 and owned by 25 Stonecube Limited.
    - European Patent No. 06013670.2 for “Kostengünstige multi-sensorielle Oberflächeninspektion” requested dated 30.03.06 and owned by Massen Machine Vision Systems GmbH.
    - European Patent No. 07705596.0 for “Method to identify non-uniform areas 30 of a surface” requested dated 06.02.07 and owned by System S.p.A.
    - International Patent No. PCT / GB2007 / 000015 for “Verification of performance attributes of packaged integrated circuits” requested dated 03.01.07 and owned by Ingenia Holdings Limited.
    - International Patent No. PCT / IB2007 / 000362 for “A method for identifying non-35 uniform areas on a surface” requested dated 06.02.07 and owned by System S.p.A.

    The aforementioned documents do not solve the technical problem raised and it would not be evident to a person skilled in the art to use the disclosed technical characteristics 40, to obtain the same result as claimed in the present invention and the combination of these documents would not affect the inventive activity, or in conclusion, in view of the prior art, the invention as defined in the claims meets the patentability requirements.
     Four. Five
    Notwithstanding the foregoing, the patents considered closest to the object of the present invention ES2311437, ES2341688 and ES2418487 are discussed in detail below.

    Patent E2311437, describes a "Surface recognition system of 50 ceramic pieces by artificial vision", for the discrimination of ceramic pieces in an enamelling line, comprising: transport device, image capture means, transmission means of data, controlled lighting means, motion sensing means and control means, so that: The sensor means detect the presence of an object, and send a signal to the media 55
    of control, so that the image capture means take at least one image whose information is sent by means of the control means which compare said image with a plurality of preset patterns, assigning a percentage of differentiation between the snapshot and the pattern .
     5
    More specifically, the ES'437 patent claims a system for recognizing surfaces of ceramic pieces by artificial vision, of the type of employees (that is, of those already existing in the state of the art), for the discrimination of ceramic pieces in a enamelling line characterized in that the sensing means detect, by sending a signal to the control means so that subsequently, the 10 image capture means take at least one instantaneous image of at least one of the surfaces, bottom or top of the ceramic piece , the information corresponding to said image being sent to the control means which compare said image with a plurality of preset patterns, assigning a percentage of differentiation between the snapshot and the pattern, 15 determining whether there is discrimination or not of the piece recognized and characterized because when the percentage of differentiation between the snapshot and the pattern exceeds a set limit, the recognized part is discarded.

    Thus, the ES'437 patent does not describe another technical result of the operation of the claimed system, which is not foreseen in the current state of the art and even in its presentation, and which includes the possibility, not expressed or contemplated, of Communicate to external devices the result of the inspection either in binary form (meets or does not meet specifications) and therefore a selection among the options to discard or accept the object. 25

    Moreover, the ES'437 patent suffers from a sufficient description of the mode of execution or the selection among multiple alternatives existing at the time of the means used, nor what technical result other than a value judgment, nor what advantages, if any It contains a description and claims made in a vague and generalist manner, so that it can be considered a document that, if any, refers to the state of the art.

    The invention ES2341688 relates to a method and a multifunctional machine based on artificial vision for qualifying, quantifying and classifying samples of homogeneous or heterogeneous materials. The invention aims to detect and analyze parameters and elements in a sample in the form of a panel or molding such as: geometry, color, defects, holes and surface texture of a sample of material. The invention is intended to be especially applicable to wood panels or derivatives, although it is equally applicable to other materials such as ceramics, marble, granite, slate, glass, etc.

    The aforementioned patent ES'688, claims a "Machine for optical analysis of materials" comprising at least one light source, at least one camera, programmable electronic media, communication media and means for storing and processing the data provided, geometric analysis means, color analysis means, defect detection means, and depth defect detection means, which allow:

    Determine the surface texture of a sample of material. fifty
    Determine the center of gravity, dimensions and shape of the sample.
    detect holes, their depth, size and position in said sample.
    compare the data obtained from the sample with various sub-patterns, and associate the sample with the closest global pattern and diagnose if the sample is within predefined tolerances. 55

    Also cited patent ES’688, claims a "Method for optical analysis of materials" comprising:

    capture images of at least one surface of a sample of material, 5
    storing and digitally processing said images, where said digital processing comprises:
    analyze the sample image geometrically,
    analyze the color of the sample image,
    detect surface defects of the sample, and 10
    detect defects in depth of the sample.
    determination of the texture of a surface of said material sample.
    determination of the center of gravity, dimensions and shape of the sample.
    hole detection determination, its depth, size and position in said sample. fifteen
    diagnose if the sample is within predefined tolerances.

    Thus, the ES'688 patent does not describe another technical result of the operation of the claimed machine, and method, which is not provided in the prior art and which includes the possibility, not expressed, of communicating to external devices on inspection result either in binary form (meets or does not meet specifications) and therefore a selection among the options to discard or reject the object or classify it according to certain conditions.

    More recently, patent ES2418487, considered as the closest document, in the state of the art, to the present invention, refers to a device and a method for applying fluid drops for the formation of a motif in at least a part of an object at least partially provided with a three-dimensional structure.
     30
    The ES'487 patent describes a "Procedure and Device for the application of fluid drops for the formation of a motif in at least a part of an object provided at least partially with a three-dimensional structure that is passed in front of a detector device or sensor device assigned to a control device, in which the object is classified by detecting at least a part 35 of the surface geometry and / or the three-dimensional structure by means of the detector device and by means of the classification performed it is assigned a motive and the object is fed to the application device where an application of the fluid droplets is made corresponding to the motive.
     40
    According to said procedure the three-dimensionally structured object is illuminated during the detection of the surface geometry and / or the three-dimensional structure and the surface geometry and / or the three-dimensional structure is detected optoelectronically by means of triangulation of light rays.
    It is affirmed that according to said procedure the surface geometry and / or the three-dimensional structure 45 is detected with an accuracy of 0.1 μm (0.0001mm !!), without the description being inferred as achieved so high precision in the measurement of a surface, which as it claims has a length of 100 cm to 200 cm and a width of 50 cm to 150 cm by means of a detector device that has a CCD matrix that detects the three-dimensional structure in an optoelectronic way. fifty


    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION: technical problem - proposed solution.

    Additive Manufacturing or Additive Manufacturing (AM), as it is known internationally, basically consists of handling material on a micrometric scale and depositing it very precisely to build a solid. 5

    Although novel, there are many different technologies that allow manufacturing parts by this principle, which is a new industrial revolution. The possibility to dispense with tools, to reproduce any geometry that the human being can imagine (and draw), the immediacy in the response to the changing demand of the 10 consumer, and another series of advantages that are explained later, make the AM a authentic angular piece of the industrial future in the most developed countries of the planet.

    The application techniques of AM are very diverse (such as stereolithography or selective sintering, widely described in the state of the art) that allow to obtain pieces directly from a file, "printing" them in a completely controlled way on a surface. Therefore, other terms have also been used to refer to them as e-manufacturing (electronic manufacturing), Direct Manufacturing (direct manufacturing) or Additive Layer Manufacturing (additive manufacturing by layers). twenty

    The application of AM to the rapid production of prototypes has allowed, for years, to reduce communication errors between the different participants in a new design and accelerate their release to the market, as well as reduce the risk of failure, even when manufacturing in series has continued to be done by conventional methods. If a further step is taken, and a manufacturing technique can be available to materialize the final product, no longer as an intermediate prototype, many of the current launch and validation phases can be drastically reduced, as well as making it more flexible to adapt to continuous demands in constant change of said market. 30

    In spite of the evident advances that it can bring to the industry due to its unquestionable advantages, there are limitations that make AM technologies not yet widely implemented in many sectors.
     35
    Factories are no stranger to this phenomenon, Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems, which affect product conception in technical offices, are Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software or for assistance to engineering (CAE), the use of automatons and robots in the plant, the inspection by artificial vision, the control of the advance of the production in real time 40 (MES), or even the modeling and virtual recreation of processes and entire factories with software of simulation (CAPE).

    On the other hand, product customization and the manufacture of unique objects is a challenge that companies have undertaken with disparate results and not completely satisfactory.

    Thus, the decoration of floor and wall tiles underwent a first digital revolution with the appearance of the first KERAjet digital printing printers, allowing a variability of graphic appearance, depending on the application 50 quasi random of a portion of a design that with the Improvement of the control electronics has been progressively increasing in size, and with it the number of pieces (pavements and / or coatings) substantially different obtained.

    In parallel, part forming presses have been increasing their ability to produce different formats and to form a finite number (and substantially a small number) of pieces of different structural or shape aspects (slate, wood, etc.) that They are fed into the production lines in a not strictly orderly manner. 5

    The technical problem, partially addressed in the state of the art, was intended to identify a specific object or piece to be decorated, by optical inspection, to assign a specific design.
     10
    However, this solution entails the problem that all possibilities of format, shape and texture (geometries) must be patterned, that is, they must be scanned or mapped and contained in a finite database, assigning them a reference or code that A recognition system identifies, for the deposition system to choose the appropriate motive or design, among a finite number of specific designs prepared and stored in memory.

    This solution proposal additionally presents the problem that as many specific designs as variants of the object must be prepared should be subject to the subsequent deposition, so that the reproducibility of the object is compromised 20 when a change in the design is introduced, by For example, a piece of 30x40 with a structure of two sheets or slats of 15x40 becomes manufactured with a structure in the form of three sheets or slats of 10x40, so that a new reference design must be re-processed and the system must be resubmitted to an apprenticeship or pattern, happening, normally, that this process involves problems reproducibility of the motif or design and stability in hue and tone of the final product.

    Thus, the technical problem to be solved is that of having a method and device or deposition machine, which, without requiring a pre-existing database of the 30 geometries and textures of the surfaces of the objects on which to make said deposition of materials, be able, autonomously, to adapt to the object (that is, its orientation, geometry, texture and position in the means of transport), so that depending on a generic pattern or design, make a precise deposition of different materials, liquids or powders (inks, powders or granules), on an object of a variable geometry and / or texture.

    It is especially relevant to indicate that it is only necessary to provide the device with a single pattern or design of the decoration or deposition to be applied, so that it, without human intervention, makes the necessary changes to decorate any format, any texture and fed the device in any order, so that the objects or pieces on which the deposition have been made are uniform in texture, color, tone and appearance, being understood as such the indistinguishability of the method of production followed according to the above.
     Four. Five
    In an environment of progressive digitalization of the different stages of production processes, this is especially relevant, since additive manufacturing of products means that objects of non-repetitive three-dimensional geometries and textures are manufactured digitally, on which textures will be applied in a non-repetitive way digitally, and on which material deposition 50 will be performed digitally and in a non-repetitive manner, so that the number of variations of possible geometries, shapes, and textures exceeds the capacity of the procedures and devices to perform a Real-time analysis and therefore, are absolutely ineffective in solving the technical problem that this entails.
     55
    Consequently, in view of the state of the art described, the aforementioned documents do not solve the technical problem raised and it would not be obvious to a person skilled in the art to use the disclosed technical characteristics, to obtain the same result as the one claimed herein. Invention and the combination of these documents would not affect the inventive activity, nor in conclusion, in view of the prior art, the invention as defined in the claims meets the requirements of patentability and novelty.

    PROPOSED SOLUTION:
     10
    Thus, the present invention relates to a method and device for the additive manufacture of an object, said method, method and device being based on the digital deposition adapted to the object by artificial vision.

    The solution proposed in the present invention, to the technical problem posed, uses a method and device for the additive manufacturing of an object, which combines the optical recognition of the properties of the object (dimensions, shape, structure and three-dimensional texture and orientation in the means of transport), that is, its geometry (g), with the digital deposition of materials on any of the surfaces of said object, according to a design or pattern, so that determined the 20 properties of the object, a portion of the digital design It is adapted to this and the means of printing of the deposition system that are programmed according to the properties of the object and the adapted design.

    Said solution, through the incorporation and intercommunication of the different phases of additive manufacturing, will additionally allow the creation of the object itself, the creation of textures and the functionalization and / or decoration of this by means of digital material deposition techniques, its final processing (for example heat treatment) and individualized corrective quality inspection.
     30
    Additionally, said procedure and device for the additive manufacturing of an object, through optical inspection, in each manufacturing phase, will allow to evaluate the quality of the previous manufacturing phase and establish corrective actions or issue alerts on it, through the intercommunication of each phase of production between them, and of these with a control unit, centralized or not in the production line, this control unit being able to be interconnected with other production lines, plant control units and external manufacturing management units.

    Each manufacturing phase will also inform the following of the expected additive properties 40 of the performance, facilitating the optical detection of the object, and in the case of this next phase, the final optical inspection, prior to packaging, provide the complete information of the manufacturing process, facilitating the analysis of quality and the correction of process errors.
     Four. Five
    Said method and device for the additive manufacture of an object, by means of optical inspection, will comprise the use of:

     Means of transport
     Control means 50
     Media
     Means for processing and storing information.
     At least one lighting system.
     One or more cameras equipped with a lens.
     At least one image capture or acquisition card.
     Image analysis algorithms.
     At least one image processor or smart camera.
     Means of digital deposition of solids or liquids.
     5
    Said procedure and device for the additive manufacturing of an object by means of optical inspection will allow:

     determine dimensions, orientation and shape of the object.
     detect the three-dimensional structure of at least one surface of the object. 10
     adapt a portion of the design or pattern to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure of the surface of the object.
     adapt the operating conditions of the deposition means to said portion of the design or pattern, according to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure of the object surface. fifteen
     make the deposition of materials according to a portion of the design or pattern adapted to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure of the surface of the object.

    Statement of an embodiment of the invention. twenty

    The method that the present invention claims is a method of digital deposition of materials according to a motif, pattern or design, substantially realized to be applied on the rectangular and smooth surface of an object, by means of its adaptation by means of this method to irregular surfaces, of any geometry and any three-dimensional structure, so that human intervention is not necessary in said process, other than the programming of start-up and stop of production.

    For this, this method contemplates two differentiated main phases that cooperate with each other, so that on the one hand there is a characterization of the properties of the object through artificial vision analysis (that is: dimensions, shape, orientation and three-dimensional structure of the object) which will define an adaptation of the portion of the design, motif or pattern, according to which the deposition of materials will be carried out on the object, and a second phase in which the deposition means are instructed to make a correct deposition on the object, adjusting to said properties, so that the deposition is carried out only on the surface of said object, without any loss or deposition on the means of transport.

    The present method has the additional advantage that if objects of three-dimensional structures with very marked textures (molding, under reliefs, etc.) are fed, the design will be adapted by means of the instruction of the deposition devices to avoid the effect of offset or this shift, due to the differences in speed between the means of transport and the means of deposition (0.5 - 2 m / sec and 3 - 8 m / sec respectively) that make when executing the deposition of a straight line, this is deposited on a surface following a curve that coincides with the profile 45 of heights of said object at the point of deposition.

    Additionally, this method of manufacturing objects allows the interconnection of devices so that successive depositions are pre-informed by the previous devices and these verify the quality of the deposition made in said 50 previous devices, allowing the necessary corrective actions in these.



    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

    Legend:

    (1) Object 5
    (2) Means of transport
    (3) Artificial vision means
    (4) Means of deposition
    (5) Control means
    (6) Means of storage and information processing 10
    (7) Media and management
    (8) Media with external devices

    (10) Height profile
    (11) Surface of the object on which deposition is made 15

    (21) Transport belt
    (22) Transport surface

    (31) Lighting means 20
    (32) Image capture media
    (33) Structured illumination laser beam plane

    (41) Means of digital deposition of solids or liquids
    (42) Printing bar composed of printheads or printheads 25 arranged so that they are capable of depositing or printing solids or liquids, in the full width or height of the surface (11) of the object (1) on which they perform the deposition

    (51) Means of control of means of transport 30

    (61) Information processing means
    (62) Information storage means communicated with the processing means
    (63) Hardware and software (algorithms) for information processing. 35

    (71) Means of communication between the image capture means (32) and the processing means (6)
    (72) Means of communication between the processing means (6) and the deposition means (41) 40

    (81) Human interface communication media (monitors, keyboards and controls)
    (82) Machine-machine media
    (83) Media with computers or external equipment 45

    L Maximum object length
    w Maximum object width
    h Maximum object height (maximum thickness)
     fifty
    g Object geometry

    M Design, motif or pattern to be deposited on the object

    α Angle of the lighting plane with respect to the transport surface, or Angle of attack of the lighting means.

    d average distance in the direction of movement (x-axis) between the projections of the illumination plane on the transport surface 5 and on the surface of the object.

    v window or inspection area that delimits the area or limits of the transport surface (22) in which the artificial vision means (3) will perform the inspection of the projection of the lighting means 10 (31) by means of the image capture (32).

    x direction of movement of the object and means of transport.
    and direction perpendicular to the x-axis that defines the widths of objects and means of transport. fifteen
    z direction perpendicular to the xy plane that defines the direction of vertical deposition and the height of the object.

    td time or instant at which the deposition begins
     twenty
    Figure 1 shows, various drawings or illustrations contained in patents WO 03/021242 (Fig. 1.a) ES 2311437 (Fig. 1.b) and ES 2418487 (Fig. 1.c), already referred to in the state of Art.

    Figure 2 shows, one of the illustrations contained in an online publication, 25 about the use of structured lighting in artificial vision (accessible at http://sabia.tic.udc.es/gc/Additional contents / works / 3D /VisionArtificial/index.html).

    Figure 3 shows in detail the elements contained in fig. 2, according to the object of the present invention, highlighting how, by projecting a plane 30 of laser light (33) on the surface (11) of an object (1), it is possible to determine by optical recognition one of its dimensions (w) and the height (h) of said object, known the angle of attack or incidence (α) of the laser plane (33) on the object (1) and by determining the distance (d) between the projection said beam or laser plane (33), on the surface (22) of the means of transport and the obtained 35 on the surface (11) of the object (1).

    In said figure 3, a perpendicular arrangement of the image collection means (32) is shown, which analyzes a section of the transport surface (22) or window (v), and which has dimensions defined to include the 40 projection of the beam (33) on the surface of the conveyor belt (22) and the projection of said beam on the surface of the object (11), so that it is comprised within said window, even at the maximum height of the object.
     Four. Five
    Figure 3 shows an object (1) whose shape and geometry consists of a rectangular planar tetrahedron whose height is constant, by way of illustration and not limiting the various geometries (g) that an object (1) can adopt.

    Figure 4, in fact, shows the passage through the inspection window (V) of an object 50 (1) with an irregular geometry (g) or shape, known in the field of floor and wall production as tessellated formats, splinted or combed, (other examples are known as alfardón, Provencal, etc.), which allow that fitting a piece with others, the total surface adopts an aspect of continuity,
    especially in forms that simulate, for example, splints of wood or caravista bricks.

    In said figure 4, from left to right and from top to bottom (a, b, c, d, e and f), the position of the object within the inspection window (V) is shown, as it advances 5 according to the direction of the Y axis, plus the projection of the laser plane (33) generated by the lighting means (31), as observed by the image acquisition means (32) in the inspection window (v), and thus the first figure (4.a) the lowest level of the projection on the transport surface (22) is shown in thicker stroke forming a straight line at y0, which constitutes the baseline or height 10 zero, while the second figure (4 .b) shows the arrangement at the moment when the piece reaches position y0, before the object (1) is illuminated by said laser plane (33).

    Figure 4.c shows the first reading of the illumination of the surface of the object 15 (11), this being located at position y1, which defines an average height of the object at this point (yh), which will remain constant, while the thickness or height of the object is constant (h = [yh - I] / tan [α]).

    Between figures 4.b and 4.c, the laser beam illuminates the transport surface (22) and the vertical wall of the front or front part of the object (1) in the forward direction (marked with a white arrow), no projection on the surface (11) of the object (1) being observable by the image collection means.

    In Figure 4.d, it can be seen that said projection of the height (h) of the object, 25 reaches equal value proportional to the value yh for the position y2.

    A position with value yn (generic position) of the object (1) with the projection of the beam (33) at the maximum value yh is shown in figures 4.e, while in figure 4.f the object situation is presented (1) has finally reached the value yL, 30 corresponding to the maximum length of said object (h), just before again the maximum height of the projection observable in the window (v) becomes y0 again, it being obvious that h = f (yL - yh).

    Note, as in Figures 4.c, 4.d, 4.e and 4.f as we have mentioned, it is observed that the projection line of the laser plane (33) on the surface of the object (11) is observed in identical value yh, but the height profile curve (straight in this case), varies in the direction of the X axis.

    Figure 5 represents the superposition of different readings of the height profile (10) 40 on the surface of the object (11), obtained as reflected in Figure 4, for the value of yh, at different intervals of position xn as a function of the position of the object (1) and that they are uniformly separated and where y = f (yn, xn) = (yx + yb) when yx> y0 (that is, when the beam is projected on the surface of the object) and when yx = y0 then y = 0 (that is, when the beam is projected onto the transport surface). Four. Five

    It is obvious that the separation of said profile lines is a function of the speed with which the transport means (2) pass said object (1) under the window (v) that examine the image collection means (32) , so that Dyn = St / Fc, where St is the linear velocity of the transport surface (22) and Fc the frequency of image capture or interval between images taken by the image capture means (32).

    Thus, for a transport speed of 1 m / sec. With an image capture frequency of 1,000 fps (images per second), the separation between contour lines shown in Figure 5 would correspond to 1 mm intervals.

    It is easy to deduce that there are cameras of very high resolution and very high speed such as the PHANTOM V1610 that reach 16,000 fps at a maximum resolution of 1 Megapixel, reaching 1 million fps in certain applications, (PHANTOM V12.1), allowing spacing in heights profiles at the microscopic level (62 μm and 1 μm for the previous assumption).
     10
    Thus Figure 6 represents the shape (g) of the object shown in Figures 4 and 5, interpolated or directly processed with said very high speed cameras.

    Figure 7 shows the time diagram, in which the digital deposition means (4), through the control means (5), will activate the individual elements 15 of the print bars (41), arranged along the width of the transport band (21) in the X direction, from a certain moment (td), so that, in said diagram, at a certain time (t) and at a certain position (x ), will be activated depending on the level of a gray scale between 0 (white, no deposition in xt) and 255 (black, maximum deposition). twenty

    Figure 8 illustrates how a motif (M) that mimics a marble would be deposited in the object represented in Figures 4 to 7 by means of the deposition means (4).

    Said figure may also represent a profile of heights similar to that shown in Figure 7, when the object has the same geometry, but the surface is structured or has a relief, this image being obtained by percentage differences between yx and yb so that if presented in 16-bit gray levels, it would have a range of 256 shades of gray (from 0 to 255) while a 32-bit image in gray levels would have a range of 1024 shades of gray. 30

    The usual way to binarize an image is by choosing an appropriate value or higher threshold, within the gray levels, such that the histogram forms a "valley" at that level, so that the levels are converted between 0 (black for hb) , and in 255 (white, for hm), graduating between these values the intermediate heights. 35

    Figure 9 shows the current procedure or method of deposition of a motif (M0) on an object (1), this being of uniform rectangular plan and of determined thickness or constant height (hb).
     40
    Figure 10 shows the current procedure or method of deposition of the same motif (M0) on an object (1) of uniform rectangular plan and of a variable height or thickness between (hb and hb + he) being this geometry constant throughout of the object, appreciating how, starting the deposition of the motif at time td, given the difference in height (he) in a section of the length of the object (Lr) in zones w1 and 45 w3 the portion of the corresponding motif is not deposited , in fact in said areas (Lr-W1 and Lr-W3) a displacement or sliding of the motif, whose final parts exceed the length (L) of the object and are deposited on the transport surface (22).
     fifty
    This is because, being the deposition time td, the transport speed vt and the ejection speed of the deposition ve, depending on the height he, it can easily be concluded that Lr = he * (vt / ve)> 0, so it is especially critical in the case where you see >> as it happens in the deposition of solids.
     55
    Thus, according to the state of the art, the design or initial motif (M0) must be adapted or modified (M2) manually, according to the results obtained, as shown in Figure 11, so that when the deposition is made the result is correct, as shown in figure 12.
     5
    It is obvious that depending on the degree of magnification of the height differences a variable directly dependent on the Angle of attack (α), the smaller this one, may be the degree of extension of the height differences, since h = d / tan ( α), however, the Angle of attack can reach a minimum value in which the arrangement of the lighting means (31) jeopardizes its integrity or that of the objects (1), 10 this Angle can be considerably reduced by interposing a mirror, preferably a non-fragile specular reflective surface, which allows a reduction of the said angle of attack (α) and therefore, an increase in the resolution in the determination of the height profile (10).
     fifteen
    Figure 13 shows a perspective view, from one of its sides, of a three-dimensional object of complex geometry (fig. 13.a) and its corresponding height profile (10), likewise complex (fig. 13.b) and a capture of the image capture means (32) with lighting means (31) located with respect to the object (1) with an angle of attack (α) of 30 °. twenty

    In said figure 13, the height curve or height profile (10) has been represented so that the heights shown (hx = f [x]) are the differences with respect to the maximum height (hm) of the object (1) , expressed all units in hundredths of a millimeter. 25

    Said height profile (10) is directly convertible into a time curve as a function of the position in x, so that the delay to be applied in ejection at each point in relation to the highest parts can be expressed in units of time of the height profile, so that in a shot time of each nozzle or individual element 30 of the print bar (42), where tdx is the shot instant of the ejector located in the x position, td the shot instant of the first constituent injector of the first line of the motif (M0), and trx, the delay (positive or negative) with respect to td depending on the height at that point of the relief of the object, (hx), this shot or ejection is carried out in an instant (tdx) so that tdx = td + trx, where trx = f (hx). 35

    In the state of the art there are several approximate solutions to the solution of the problem, but all of them are based on the prior knowledge of the variations of the geometries that the object that will be fed to the deposition system (by prior recognition or pattern) and storage in the memory of the device of so many patterns or designs (Mn), as geometries are patterned, a standard model (M0) can be considered as generic, for which the optical recognition system is not able to identify, but inevitably producing an object defective.
     Four. Five
    In fact, a procedure diagram used in the state of the art is reproduced in figure 14, according to which, an object (1), transported on a band (21) of a printing machine, when detected in a certain position by means of the detection means known in the state of the art (barrier laser, photocells, etc.), it operates an optical recognition system that compares the image 50 captured by the artificial vision means (3) with a series of patterns or selected samples, it assigns a degree of similarity to one of these and assigns a value that, when transmitted to the printer, will make the impression or deposition on the surface of the object (11).
    This procedure, described in the state of the art and in figure 14, must necessarily make comparisons with pre-existing patterns and does not present a procedure or device capable of correcting the motive (M0), for an object that is fed incorrectly or incorrectly, or fed with an appreciable inclination with respect to the z axis (perpendicular to the transport plane), so that the products 5 resulting from the deposition of materials on the object, will inevitably be defective.

    Figure 15 shows, schematically, a method and method of manufacturing an object according to the present invention, as will be described below.

    Figure 16 shows schematically a device for the additive manufacturing of an object according to the present invention, as will be described later.
     fifteen

    Exposure of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

    In the present invention, the lighting method that is preferably used is the "light sectioning" method, in which structured light 20 is used, in this case a plane of light that is projected onto the surface to be examined. (Pernkopf and O'Leary, 2003). A complete view of the 3D surface is constructed sequentially, section by section, by moving the object transversely with respect to the projected plane of light. This acquisition method is especially useful when the surfaces on which the inspection is to be carried out are extensive in one dimension, such as p. ex. long metal sheets (García et al., 1999).

    On the contrary that the procedures that the state of the art reflects, and whose operation diagram has been exposed in figure 14, figure 15, presents in a schematic way, a procedure that obviates and solves the technical problem posed, introducing notable improvements in additive manufacturing technology by digital means.

    Thus, when an object is detected, by the presence detector of the device 35 (detector already pre-existing and known in InkJet printing technology, and therefore obviated in the figures and the present memory), the activation of the means of artificial vision (3), that is, the lighting means (31) and the image collection means (32), so that the latter explore the region or window (v) pending the first appearance on the surface of the object (11) of the 40 projection of the laser illumination plane (33), performing the image analysis, so that the first height profile (11), the determination of the initial width of the object and the delay time are obtained or reference (tr).

    Subsequently, consecutive image captures and analysis of these are produced until the process ends, when in the observation window, the artificial vision means (3) do not detect projection of the laser illumination plane (33) within the window of inspection (v), that is, they detect the end of the object (1), defining an end-of-reading time (tL).
     fifty
    Said analysis, image by image, is performed in such a way that the Control means (5) and the storage and information processing means (6), the information processing means (61) and the storage means of the information communicated with the processing means (62), by means of the hardware and software (algorithms) of information processing (63), go 55
    determining the geometry (g) and contour lines (10) of the object, as new images are captured and added to the information collected at each moment tn.

    Part of this analysis can lead to the rectification of the pattern or design (M0) according to which the deposition will be carried out, so that each line of the original design (M0) 5 can be adapted to the geometry and texture or profile of heights (10 ) of the object (1).

    For said rectification of the pattern or design, taking into account the geometry of the object, the individual elements of the print bar (42), can be disabled or enabled depending on the geometry, said print bar (42) being composed of printheads or printheads arranged so that they are capable of depositing or printing solids or liquids, in the full width or height of the surface (11) of the object (1) on which they make the deposition.

    Also depending on the level curve or height profile (10) of the object, each line 15 of the design can be modified by introducing additional delays to each point or pixel of said initial design (M0), so that although the ejection of each pixel of the line is not realized at the same time td, the result of depositing a line on the surface of the object (11), is equivalent to that which would have been achieved on a flat surface or whose height profile was a straight line. twenty

    The present invention also relates to a device for the additive manufacture of an object (1), comprising:

    Transport means (2), which preferably will include a transport band (21), on whose transport surface (22) the object (1) will be transported along the device and which will include said transport means (2) , the corresponding control means of the transport means (51), preferably consisting of at least one encoder, and more preferably at least two, which will be in contact with the transport surface (22) of the belt (21) for accurately determine position and speed.

    The means of control of the means of transport (51) may also include servomotors, step motors, linear motors or any other type of motorization 35 and means of control of means of transport (51) known or available.

    Artificial vision means (3), comprising at least one lighting means (31) capable of generating a plane of the structured lighting laser beam (33), image capture means (32), consisting of at least one camera known as high speed and an optics between 17 and 60 mm focal length, the image capture means (32) and the processing means (6) communicated with each other by means of communication (71) .
      Four. Five
    Deposition means (4) comprising digital solid or liquid deposition means (41) and their power and control subsystems known in the art, distributed in at least one printing bar, composed of print heads or printheads arranged in a manner that are capable of depositing or printing solids or liquids, in the full width or height of the surface (11) of the object (1) on which they perform the deposition (42).

    Means for storing and processing information (6), which include: Means for processing information (61), Means for storing information communicated with the media.
    processing (62), Hardware and software (algorithms) for information processing (63).

    However, the hardware and software (algorithms) for information processing (63) can additionally be distributed in the control means, so that the processing, management and control capacity is distributed in the device, with the hardware being able to count with parallel multiprocessors, multiple memory banks, storage units and media (7).

    Communication and management means (7), between the control means (5) and the 10 device controlling means (encoder, photocells, emergency stops) and the transport means (2) and the storage and processing means of the information (6), means of communication (72) between the processing means (6) and the deposition means (41).
     fifteen
    Means of communication with external devices (8), including means of communication of human interface (monitors, keyboards and controls) (81), means of machine-machine communication (82) and means of communication with computers or external equipment (83) , so that a device can be placed in production line with others with similar characteristics, 20 information and operating parameters being exchanged, in addition to quality reports and operational notices.

    Said means of communication with external devices allow, in addition to a human control of any interconnected device and the remote control, an integrated control and management, so that a certain recipe or set of patterns for each material to be deposited and specifications of said materials , can be interpreted by a set of devices so that each of the devices, beyond interpreting its own manufacturing order or subgroup of instructions in the recipe, collaboratively contributes to the proper functioning of the other devices.

    Thus, a line equipped with several of these devices (D1, D2, D3 and D4), may constitute a single virtualized device, where the artificial vision system of one of them additionally informs the predecessor of the quality and result of its 35 performance, while informing the following of the conditions of the object when it was inspected before the deposition of materials, the expected result of its own performance and the incidents detected in the preceding devices, thus constituting a smart multi-device additive manufacturing line and totally self-managed. 40

    A device like the one described, not only avoids in its operation the need to have certain patterns, but with the described capabilities, and adequate software, can “learn” in the course of the manufacturing order, identifying areas of the geometry or profile of repetitive heights, reducing 45 processing times and allowing the device to operate faster and with better results in terms of efficiency and quality.

    Although the priority use of the procedure and device described is directed to the digital decoration of ceramic products of complex geometry and structured surfaces (reliefs), new applications are gradually being introduced other than the application of pigmented inks, such as digital enamelling ( for example, with K8 heads, patented by KERAjet with patents ES2558023A2 and PCT-ES2015-070038) and deposition of granulated or powdery materials (for example, with K9 heads, patented by KERAjet with patents ES2472140A1 and 55
    ES2561727A1), so that the present invention is not only susceptible of industrial application, but will allow its application in other sectors of the technique, which is not derived in an obvious way from the nature of the invention or from the explanation thereof , and will facilitate reaching the assumptions of Manufacturing 4.0, or intelligent manufacturing.
      5
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]

    1. Device for the additive manufacturing of an object (1) comprising:
    Means of transport (2), 5
    Artificial vision means (3),
    Means of deposition (4),
    Control means (5),
    Means of storage and information processing (6),
    Media and management (7) and 10
    Media with external devices (8),
    characterized in that:

    on means of transport (2), about 15 artificial vision means (3) and deposition means (4) are arranged consecutively, so that
    an object (1) can be displaced on the transport surface (22) to be inspected first by means of artificial vision (3) that will detect and analyze its shape and structure (ie its geometry "g"), so whereas, once the properties of the object (1) have been determined by the information storage and processing means (6), a portion of the digital design (M0) is adapted to the geometry (g) of the object (1) , depending on the properties of the object and
     25
    through the communication and management means (7) and the control means (5), the deposition means (4) are instructed to produce the deposition of the materials on the surface of the object (11),
    all of this on the same means of transport (2) and without the need for a prior pattern of the variations in the geometry (g) of said object (1).

    [2]
    2. Device for the additive manufacture of an object (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    The transport means (2) comprise a transport band (21) with a transport surface (22).
    Artificial vision means (3) comprise less lighting means 40 (31) capable of generating structured lighting (33), and imaging means (32).
    The deposition means (4) comprise digital deposition means of solids or liquids (41), arranged in at least one printing bar 45 composed of printheads or printheads so that they are capable of depositing or printing solids or liquids, in the full width or height of the surface (11) of the object (1) on which they perform the deposition. (42)
    The control means (5) comprise control means of the transport means (51) and overall control of the device.
    The means for storing and processing information (6), includes means for processing information (61), means for
    information storage communicated with the processing means (62), hardware and software (algorithms) for information processing (63)

    The communication and management means (7) comprise communication means (71) between the image capture means (32) and the processing means (6), communication means (72) between the processing means (6) and the means of deposition (41)
    The communication means with external devices (8) comprise means 10 for human interface communication (monitors, keyboards and controls) (81) and machine-machine communication means (82).

    [3]
    Device for the additive manufacturing of an object (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptation of the portion of the original design (M0) to the object is carried out by means of the information processing hardware and software (algorithms) (63), so that, taking into account the height profiles (10) of each line (y) of the length of the object (1), delay values of each point (x) of the line (y) are entered of the design, depending on the height difference with the baseline (he), so that the result of the deposition of a line "n" of said design (Mn) on the surface of the object (11) coincides with the shape of said line in the original design (M0).

    [4]
    4. Procedure for the additive manufacture of an object (1) by use in a device comprising the use of:
    Means of transport (2)
    Artificial vision means (3)
    Means of deposition (4)
    Control means (5) 30
    Means of storage and information processing (6)
    Media and management (7)
    Media with external devices (8)
    characterized in that: 35
    Said procedure comprises the following phases:
     determine dimensions, orientation and shape of the object (1).
     detect the three-dimensional structure of the surface (11) of the object (1).
     adapt a portion of the design or pattern (M0) to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure (g) of the surface of the object (11)
     adapt the operating conditions of the deposition means (4) to said portion of the design or pattern (M0), according to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure of the surface of the object (g). Four. Five
     make the deposition of materials according to a portion of the design or pattern (M0) adapted to the dimensions, orientation, shape and three-dimensional structure of the surface of the object (11).
    Thus, the means of artificial vision (3) and storage and information processing (6) analyze the geometry (g) of the object (1), whether or not it is modified according to this pattern or initial design (M0 ), and adapting it, depending on said geometry and height profiles (10), for use by the deposition means (4), so that the deposition means (4) perform their action on the said object (1) ), according to the new 55
    design (Mn) adapted, precisely, without the need for a previous pattern of the geometry variants (gn), that the object can adopt, including the possibility that said object could accidentally be fed to a device incorrectly.
     5
    [5]
    5. Procedure for the additive manufacture of an object (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that
    when applied, this procedure, in several devices in line in a productive process, the geometry information (g) of the object (1) in one of them can be used to analyze the correct operation of the device 10 that precedes it, and In addition to the information of the pattern or design (Mn) that will be used, you can report the expected conditions of its correct operation to a subsequent device, so that the various devices collaborate with each other in ensuring the quality of the product finally produced. fifteen
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2003021242A1|2001-09-03|2003-03-13|Millennium Venture Holdings Ltd.|Method and apparatus for inspecting the surface of workpieces|
    ES2311437A1|2008-07-31|2009-02-01|Jose Luis Novo Rodriguez|System of recognition of surfaces of ceramic pieces by artificial vision |
    ES2418487T3|2009-01-29|2013-08-14|Durst Phototechnik Digital Technology Gmbh|Device and procedure for applying fluid drops|
    ES2385882A1|2010-09-24|2012-08-02|Fundación Centro Tecnológico Andaluz De La Piedra|System of recognition of images of stone slabs. |
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